Mx of Valvular Heart Lesions

The ultimate question for valvular lesion is "How would you manage the patient?"
The general principles are:
1. ALL patients need IE prophylaxis.
2. Medical treatment in general is meant for symptomatic relief except nifedipine in AR.
3. Pregnant issues.
4. ALL stenotic lesions need surgery when symptomatic.
5. Regurgitant lesions may need surgery prior to symptomatic eg LV dysfunction or dilatation.